{"id":5026,"date":"2023-02-13T10:37:36","date_gmt":"2023-02-13T10:37:36","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/proespacio.tedae.org\/?p=5026"},"modified":"2023-02-28T10:16:01","modified_gmt":"2023-02-28T10:16:01","slug":"opinion-africa-castillo-morales","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/proespacio.tedae.org\/en\/opinion-africa-castillo-morales\/","title":{"rendered":"Opinion: \u00c1frica Castillo Morales"},"content":{"rendered":"
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Education<\/strong><\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t

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- PhD in Astrophysics from the University of Granada<\/a>.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t

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Professional experience
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Vice Dean of student affairs Faculty of physical sciences of the complutense university of Madrid<\/a>.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t

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STEM education toward gender balance<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t
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In today\u2019s globalized world<\/strong> we are highly dependent on existing technology, both individually and collectively. We are bearing witness to the fourth industrial revolution. For this reason, during the last few years the demand for so-called STEM professions (an acronym for science, technology, engineering and mathematics) has grown. Clearly, this demand is closely linked to education in these fields.<\/em><\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t

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\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\tThe Faculty of Physical Sciences is, since its creation as a Faculty in 1945, a leader in the national landscape when it comes to STEM-oriented degrees, from its initial Bachelor of Physics degree to our current academic offering that includes four STEM-related degrees (Degree in Physics, Dual Degree in Mathematics-Physics, Degree in Electronics and Communications Engineering and Degree in Materials Engineering) plus six official Master\u2019s programs in addition to PhDs in Physics and Astrophysics.\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t
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\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\tThis proven experience in STEM degrees has led us to experience firsthand a sad reality, which has been evident for decades: the gender unbalance in technical education.\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t
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\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\tAt the UCM\u2019s Faculty of Physical Sciences we have enough statistical data to work on an analysis that has allowed us to study the state of affairs, know the evolution in the student ratios and set in motion specific actions. We have focused on the Physics degree, since the higher number of new students means that the statistics are representative, with approximately 250 new students per academic year.\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t
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Our first study in regard to this problem involved analyzing the ratio of males\/females (M\/F) who access the degree. Since the implementation of the Physics degree during its first academic year 2009-10, this M\/F ratio has decreased from an initial value of 3.4 to the current M\/F value of 2.1 for the 2022-23 academic year. <\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t

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we believe that we can understand that the actions aimed at publicizing STEM education in high schools and drawing attention to female science role models in schools and institutes are starting to bear fruit\u201d<\/blockquote>\n<\/figure>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t
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\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\tThis decreasing trend, while slow, has been sustained in time, which leads us to conclude that, even though over two-thirds of the students are still male, there is an increasing number of women who chose to pursue a Physics Degree. A similar, growing trend has been reported in countries with a great tradition in the study of Physics such as the United Kingdom, where the progression has gone from M\/F values of 3.8 in 2012-13 to 3.2 in the 2017-18 academic year. However, when considering the enrollment for Master\u2019s programs, the M\/F ratio ranges from 1.7 to 2.3, seeing no variation trend in time.\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t
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\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\tThe same happens with PhD studies, where the M\/F ratio is 1.8. This leads us to conclude that for post-graduate Physics Degrees, the gender imbalance trend is not improving.\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t
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\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\tIn regard to the demand for professionals in fields of science, the grade point cut-offs [in Spain, the lowest grade point average of students who gained admission the previous academic year] have experienced a significant growth. In particular, for the Physics program, since its implementation as a standalone program in academic year 2013-2014, this grade has gone from 7.804 to 12.616 this year. This number shows the interest that exists today for this degree. We can therefore understand that, for students who have just completed their university entrance examinations, a degree in physics is highly attractive. However, the big question is why that interest is linked to a gender bias.\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t
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\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\tWith the data available in our center and its evolution through time at the three levels of university education, we believe that we can understand that the actions aimed at publicizing STEM education in high schools and drawing attention to female science role models in schools and institutes are starting to bear fruit. For this reason, it is necessary for subsequent efforts to be also focused on the pre-university population, at other levels of study, as well as on actions in university forums with the purpose of balancing out the Master\u2019s and PhD statistics. \t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t
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\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\tSo what we really need are female role models that serve as inspiration for our young students at different stages: during high school education, university education and, of course, at a professional career and company level.\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t
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\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\tWe at the Faculty of Physical Sciences of the Complutense University of Madrid have a responsibility as an academic institution, and have therefore undertaken projects along this line that include outreach activities, specific activities in collaboration with high school education centers for the mentoring of girls and the incorporation of a reflection on equality, diversity and gender in these activities. These actions are truly necessary to pique the interest of our young women in STEM.\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t
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\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\tWe want to ask the companies to, in the same vein, give importance to the efforts that you are already undertaking to balance out your workforce, to break free from the traditional male\/female job roles and to fight against the glass roof in positions of responsibility, which we know is starting to fade.\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t
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\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\tThe road that leads us to achieve a balance is undoubtedly slow, but at the same time it is encouraging to see a shallow, yet significant rise in the percentage of women, at least in the physics program. We need to keep maintaining and fostering new active policies that draw attention to the work of women in STEM and, in this regard, we want to ask the companies to work together toward this goal.\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t
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\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\tWe will attain a more egalitarian society when we are successful in incorporating STEM education into the minds and within reach of everyone.\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Formaci\u00f3n acad\u00e9mica – Doctora en Astrof\u00edsica por la Universidad de Granada. Experiencia profesional – Vicedecana de estudiantes en la Facultad de Ciencias F\u00edsicas de la Universidad Complutense de Madrid. Formaci\u00f3n STEM caminando hacia el balance de g\u00e9nero En el mundo globalizado de hoy dependemos enormemente de la tecnolog\u00eda existente, tanto a nivel individual como colectivo.<\/p>","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":5031,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paid_content":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[79],"tags":[138,135,83,139],"class_list":{"0":"post-5026","1":"post","2":"type-post","3":"status-publish","4":"format-standard","5":"has-post-thumbnail","7":"category-opinion","8":"tag-featured-no52","9":"tag-no52","10":"tag-opinion","11":"tag-opinion-no52"},"yoast_head":"\nOpini\u00f3n: \u00c1frica Castillo Morales - PROESPACIO<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"En el mundo globalizado de hoy dependemos enormemente de la tecnolog\u00eda existente por lo que la demanda de las profesiones STEM ha crecido.\" \/>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/proespacio.tedae.org\/en\/opinion-africa-castillo-morales\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"en_GB\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Opini\u00f3n: \u00c1frica Castillo Morales - 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